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LATEST CASES (ILR Issue 6 of 2020)
SUBJECT INDEX
DISMISSAL
Absenteeism and insubordination – Claimant being issued warning letters
for the same – Whether it had contained unsatisfactory features – Evidence
adduced – Evaluation of – Company's actions subsequent to issuing the
warning letters – What it had shown
Baljit Kaur Bhagwan Singh v. Visionary Holistic Centre Sdn Bhd
(Augustine Anthony) [2020] 2 ILR 464  
Breach of company rules and policies – Request for the company's
confidential documents – Whether her request aforesaid had been a
misconduct – Her explanations – Whether could be accepted – Evidence
adduced – Evaluation of – Effect of – Whether a request for documents from
a superior officer, for the purposes of resuming work, could amount to the
misconduct of challenging or disregarding the authority of the company – What the company should have done instead – Whether the charge had been
proven against her – Whether the company, by its actions, had victimised
her – Whether her dismissal had been with just cause and excuse
Baljit Kaur Bhagwan Singh v. Visionary Holistic Centre Sdn Bhd
(Augustine Anthony) [2020] 2 ILR 464
Breach of company rules and policies – Theft – Whether the claimant had
used the office petty cash without authorisation – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Claimant's explanations – Whether
acceptable – Whether the charge had been proven against her – Whether her
dismissal had been with just cause and excuse
Baljit Kaur Bhagwan Singh v. Visionary Holistic Centre Sdn Bhd
(Augustine Anthony) [2020] 2 ILR 464
Constructive dismissal – Benefits – Bonus – Claimant not being paid bonus – Whether it had been contractual – Factors to consider – Effect of – Whether it had amounted to a fundamental breach of her contract of
employment – Whether it had justified her walking out claiming constructive
dismissal
Nur Ezlina Ismail v. UMW Toyota Motor Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 401
Constructive dismissal – Demotion – Whether the claimant's transfer to
GPL Group had effectively been a demotion – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Manner in which the transfer had been
carried out – What it had shown – Whether it had justified her walking out
of her employment and claiming constructive dismissal
Chee Tan Bee Chin v. Palmgold Corporation Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 498
Constructive dismissal – Performance – Claimant put on a PIP and AMP – Whether it had been done pursuant to her Letter of Appointment – Whether
she had been placed on it with justification – Whether the company's actions
had been a fundamental breach that had gone to the root of her contract of
employment – Whether it had justified her walking out claiming constructive
dismissal – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of
Nur Ezlina Ismail v. UMW Toyota Motor Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 401
Constructive dismissal – Performance – Whether the claimant had been
wrongly assessed as a non-performer – Factors to consider – Evidence
adduced – Effect of – Claimant walking out claiming constructive dismissal – Whether she had delayed in walking out of her employment – Whether she
had condoned her performance rating – Effect of – Claimant's conduct – What it had shown – Whether her claim for constructive dismissal ought to
be allowed
Nur Ezlina Ismail v. UMW Toyota Motor Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 401
Constructive dismissal – Salary – Claimant's salary unilaterally being
reduced, contrary to what had been agreed upon between the parties, prior
to the buy-over by GPL Group – Effect of – Whether the company(s) by
such action had evinced an intention to no longer be bound by the contract
of employment – Evidence adduced – Evaluation of – Whether the claimant
had been victimised – Whether the company had displayed a mala fide
intention towards her by its hasty actions – Whether it had justified her
walking out of her employment claiming constructive dismissal – Whether
she had walked out at the first opportunity
Chee Tan Bee Chin v. Palmgold Corporation Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 498
Constructive dismissal – Transfer – Claimant transferred from HCD to
CSOD – Reasons for the same – Whether the transfer had amounted to a
fundamental breach of her contract of employment – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Evaluation of – Effect of – Company's actions towards
her – Whether there had been any mala fide intent – Whether the transfer had
been carried out to harass and victimise her – Whether she had needed to
be consulted prior to being transferred – Perusal of her Letter of
Appointment – Effect of – Whether it had justified her walking out of her
employment and claiming constructive dismissal
Nur Ezlina Ismail v. UMW Toyota Motor Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 401
Constructive dismissal – Transfer – Whether the claimant's transfer to
Happy Graphic, outside the Group of companies, had been a fundamental
breach of her contract of employment – Factors to consider – Evidence
adduced – Effect of – How the company(s) had gone about it – Company's
conduct towards her – What it had shown – Whether the company(s) had put
her mental or physical health at risk – Effect of – Whether her claim for
constructive dismissal ought to be allowed
Chee Tan Bee Chin v. Palmgold Corporation Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 498
Constructive dismissal – Whether the disciplinary measures taken by the
company against her had been fundamental breaches of her contract of
employment – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Whether
the company had acted with mala fide intent towards her – Whether her
constructive dismissal claim ought to be allowed
Nur Ezlina Ismail v. UMW Toyota Motor Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 401
Insubordination – Claimant failing to attend a meeting as instructed by her
superior – Whether her conduct had constituted insubordinate behaviour – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Whether her actions
had embarrassed the company – Claimant's defence – Whether could be
accepted – Whether her attitude had clearly been incompatible with the due
or peaceful discharge of her duties to the company – Whether charge
successfully proven by the company – Whether her exemplary service with
the company could be considered as a mitigating factor in her favour – Her
seniority in the company – Effect of – Whether dismissal without just cause
and excuse
Kamaazura Abu Bakar v. KYP Education Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 549
Insubordination – Claimant failing to complete the Research &
Development (R&D) Activity Form issued by MOSTI – Reasons for the
same – The tone of her responses to her superior – What it had shown – Whether she had displayed insubordinate behaviour and disrespect towards
her superior – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Whether
insubordination had been successfully proven against her – What she should
have done instead – Her attitude after the event – Whether she had been
remorseful – What it had indicated – Whether the company had lost its trust
and confidence in her – Whether her dismissal had been justified under the
circumstances – Whether dismissal without just cause and excuse
Kamaazura Abu Bakar v. KYP Education Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 549
Misconduct – Bankrupt claimant failing to discharge her bankruptcy – Whether proven by the company – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Whether it had constituted major misconduct – Claimant's
defence – Whether could be accepted – Whether the company had acted
reasonably in dismissing her – Whether dismissal with just cause and excuse
Kamaazura Abu Bakar v. KYP Education Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 549
Notice of termination – Forced resignation – Whether the claimant had been
forced to accept the MSS – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Company's
actions towards her after she had resigned – What it had shown – Whether
it had justified her walking out of her employment
Nur Ezlina Ismail v. UMW Toyota Motor Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 401
Resignation – Forced resignation – Whether the claimant had been forced
into signing the Separation and Release Agreement – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Claimant's conduct and actions – What it had
shown – Claimant's demeanour – What it had shown – Whether she had
been dismissed by the company – Whether dismissal without just cause and
excuse
Ng Wei Jye v. Kaspersky Lab Sea Sdn Bhd
(Noor Hayati Mat) [2020] 2 ILR 432
DOMESTIC INQUIRY
Procedural impropriety – Whether the DI conducted had followed the rules
of natural justice – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of
Kamaazura Abu Bakar v. KYP Education Sdn Bhd
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 549
Procedural impropriety – Whether the DI proceedings had been conducted
in compliance with the rules of natural justice – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of
Baljit Kaur Bhagwan Singh v. Visionary Holistic Centre Sdn Bhd
(Augustine Anthony) [2020] 2 ILR 464
EVIDENCE
Burden of proof – Whether discharged by the claimant in this case – Evidence adduced – Effect of
Ng Wei Jye v. Kaspersky Lab Sea Sdn Bhd
(Noor Hayati Mat) [2020] 2 ILR 432
Documentary evidence – Whether the First Company had been the claimant's
employer – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Determination of who had been her employer – Whether she had been
dismissed – Whether dismissal without just cause and excuse
Chee Tan Bee Chin v. Palmgold Corporation Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 498
Documentary evidence – Whether Happy Graphic had been the claimant's
employer – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Determination of who had been her employer – Whether she had been
dismissed – Whether dismissal without just cause and excuse
Chee Tan Bee Chin v. Palmgold Corporation Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 498
Documentary evidence – Whether the Second Company had been the
claimant's employer – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Whether the joinder of the Second Company to this action had been
frivolous – Determination of who had been her employer – Whether she had
been dismissed – Whether dismissal without just cause and excuse
Chee Tan Bee Chin v. Palmgold Corporation Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 498
Witness – PY's evidence – Whether it should be treated with caution – Factors to consider – Effect of
Chee Tan Bee Chin v. Palmgold Corporation Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 498
INDUSTRIAL COURT
Remedies – Quantum of damages – What would be a fair amount to award
her – Factors to consider – Evidence adduced – Effect of – Claimant's years
of service with the company(s) – Whether post-dismissal deductions ought
to be made – Whether deductions from backwages ought to be made
Chee Tan Bee Chin v. Palmgold Corporation Sdn Bhd & Anor
(Noor Ruwena Mohd Nurdin) [2020] 2 ILR 498
INDEKS PERKARA
KETERANGAN
Keterangan dokumentari – Nota SD – Sama ada ia tepat dan telah
menggambarkan sepenuhnya prosiding yang telah dijalankan serta mematuhi
prinsip keadilan asasi – Faktor-faktor yang harus diambil kira – Keterangan
yang dikemukakan – Kesannya
Zakaria Ismail lwn. Projek Lebuhraya Usahasama Berhad
(Rasidah Chik) [2020] 2 ILR 443
PEMBUANGAN KERJA
Penghematan – Lebihan tenaga pekerja – Sama ada e-mel syarikat responden
bertarikh 5 Oktober 2016 telah membuatkan YM berasa takut dan tertekan
untuk menerima MSS tersebut – Faktor-faktor yang harus diambil kira – Keterangan yang dikemukakan – Kesannya – Sama ada YM telah dipaksa menandatangani Surat Tawaran tersebut atau borang permohonan MSS
tersebut pada masa yang material
Zainab Shaari & Yang Lain lwn. Sirim Berhad
(Andersen Ong Wai Leong) [2020] 2 ILR 586
Penghematan – Lebihan tenaga pekerja – Sama ada senarai pekerja telah
disediakan oleh syarikat responden pada masa sesi Townhall dijalankan – Faktor-faktor yang harus diambil kira – Keterangan yang dikemukakan – Kesannya
Zainab Shaari & Yang Lain lwn. Sirim Berhad
(Andersen Ong Wai Leong) [2020] 2 ILR 586
Penghematan – Lebihan tenaga pekerja – Sama ada Surat Tawaran yang
bertarikh 10 Oktober 2016 merupakan satu tawaran atau pelawaan untuk
tawaran – Faktor-faktor yang harus diambil kira – Keterangan yang
dikemukakan – Kesannya – Akta Kontrak 1950, s. 2(a)
Zainab Shaari & Yang Lain lwn. Sirim Berhad
(Andersen Ong Wai Leong) [2020] 2 ILR 586
Penghematan – Lebihan tenaga pekerja – Sama ada syarikat responden
ingkar arahan Kementerian Kewangan – Sama ada Mahkamah Perusahaan
merupakan forum yang sesuai untuk membangkitkan isu ini – YM menerima
MSS tersebut – Apa ia menunjukkan
Zainab Shaari & Yang Lain lwn. Sirim Berhad
(Andersen Ong Wai Leong) [2020] 2 ILR 586
Penghematan – Lebihan tenaga pekerja – Sama ada syarikat responden,
melalui COW3 dan COW4, telah menggunakan pengaruh yang tidak
berpatutan terhadap YM untuk menerima MSS tersebut – Faktor-faktor yang
harus diambil kira – Keterangan yang dikemukakan – Kesannya – Sama ada
kenyataan COW3 dan COW4 tersebut harus dilihat sebagai satu nasihat awal – Sama ada perasaan khuatir atau bimbang YM sahaja mencukupi untuk
menjadikan Perjanjian MSS terbatal – Akta Kontrak 1950, s. 16(1) & 16(3)
Zainab Shaari & Yang Lain lwn. Sirim Berhad
(Andersen Ong Wai Leong) [2020] 2 ILR 586
Penghematan – Lebihan tenaga pekerja – Sama ada tempoh "cooling off" period untuk menerima MSS tersebut adalah "genuine" – Faktor-faktor yang
harus diambil kira – Keterangan yang dikemukakan – Kesannya – Sama ada
"cooling off" period ini merupakan satu pra syarat untuk MSS tersebut atau
lain-lain skim yang sedemikian – Tindakan YM – Sama ada mereka berjaya
membuktikan wujudnya faktor-faktor yang telah memusnahkan kehendak
bebas mereka dalam memohon dan menerima MSS tersebut
Zainab Shaari & Yang Lain lwn. Sirim Berhad
(Andersen Ong Wai Leong) [2020] 2 ILR 586
Penghematan – Lebihan tenaga pekerja – Sama ada tempoh masa 15 hari
yang diberikan kepada YM untuk membuat keputusan memohon MSS
tersebut adalah terlalu singkat dan tidak munasabah – Faktor-faktor yang
harus diambil kira – Keterangan yang dikemukakan – Kesannya – Tindakan
YM – Apa yang mereka seharusnya lakukan
Zainab Shaari & Yang Lain lwn. Sirim Berhad
(Andersen Ong Wai Leong) [2020] 2 ILR 586
Penghematan – Lebihan tenaga pekerja – Sama ada tindakan responden
mengiklankan jawatan-jawatan kosong di bahagian IT menunjukkan unsur
niat jahat dalam penamatan perkhidmatan YM – Faktor-faktor yang harus
diambil kira – Keterangan yang dikemukakan – Kesannya
Zainab Shaari & Yang Lain lwn. Sirim Berhad
(Andersen Ong Wai Leong) [2020] 2 ILR 586
Penghematan – Lebihan tenaga pekerja – Tujuan majikan menjalankan skim
seperti MSS – Sama ada majikan perlu membuktikan terdapat lebihan tenaga
kerja sebelum menjalankan usaha skim sedemikian
Zainab Shaari & Yang Lain lwn. Sirim Berhad
(Andersen Ong Wai Leong) [2020] 2 ILR 586
Salah laku – Gangguan seksual – YM didakwa melakukan gangguan seksual
terhadap COW4 – Sama ada dibuktikan oleh syarikat terhadapnya – Faktor-faktor yang harus diambil kira – Keterangan yang dikemukakan – Kesannya – Pembelaan YM – Sama ada disokong oleh bukti – Kesannya – Sama ada
pembuangan kerja YM telah dilakukan secara adil dan bersebab
Zakaria Ismail lwn. Projek Lebuhraya Usahasama Berhad
(Rasidah Chik) [2020] 2 ILR 443
Salah laku – Gangguan seksual – YM melakukan salah laku gangguan
seksual terhadap COW4 – Sama ada salah laku tersebut merupakan satu salah
laku yang serius yang mewajarkan pembuangan kerjanya – Faktor-faktor
yang harus diambil kira – Kesannya – Jawatan yang dipegang oleh YM
terhadap COW4 – Tanggungjawab beliau terhadapnya – Apa yang beliau
seharusnya lakukan – Sama ada hukuman pembuangan kerja adalah wajar
dalam kes ini – Sama ada pembuangan kerja YM dilakukan secara adil dan
bersebab – Akta Perhubungan Perusahaan 1967, ss. 20(3) & 30(5)
Zakaria Ismail lwn. Projek Lebuhraya Usahasama Berhad
(Rasidah Chik) [2020] 2 ILR 443
Salah laku – Sama ada YM "disyaki menghasut" dan "disyaki cuba
menghalang" pekerja-pekerja syarikat responden daripada menghadiri kursus
yang diadakan – Keterangan yang dikemukakan – Kesannya – YM mengakui
menghebahkan "voice notes" tersebut – Sama ada "voice notes" tersebut
berbentuk hasutan – Kesannya – Pembelaan YM – Sama ada dapat diterima – Jawatan yang dipegang oleh YM dalam Kesatuan – Sama ada beliau mempunyai niat yang baik dalam menasihati ahli-ahli Kesatuan – Faktor-faktor yang harus diambil kira – Kesannya – Sama ada pertuduhan-pertuduhan ini berjaya dibuktikan oleh syarikat responden terhadapnya – Sama ada pembuangan kerja YM telah dilakukan secara adil dan bersebab – Akta Perhubungan Perusahaan 1967, ss. 20(3) & 30(5)
Abdul Karim Sudin lwn. Konsortium Transnasional Berhad
(Teoh Chin Chong) [2020] 2 ILR 481
SIASATAN DALAMAN
Kesilapan prosedur – Sama ada pertuduhan-pertuduhan terhadap YM dalam
prosiding SD adalah defektif – Faktor-faktor yang harus diambil kira – Kesannya
Zakaria Ismail lwn. Projek Lebuhraya Usahasama Berhad
(Rasidah Chik) [2020] 2 ILR 443
Kesilapan prosedur – Sama ada prosiding DI telah dijalankan secara teratur – Faktor-faktor yang harus diambil kira – Keterangan yang dikemukakan – Kesannya – Cara prosiding DI dijalankan – Apa ia menunjukkan – Kesannya
Abdul Karim Sudin lwn. Konsortium Transnasional Berhad
(Teoh Chin Chong) [2020] 2 ILR 481
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